Published in IJCP October - December 2025
Original article
Waist Circumference: A Simple, Low-Cost Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome
January 31, 2026 | Zubeda Tumbi, Amol Zele, Mehzamah Tumbi, Vaibhavi Tailor, Gunjan Temkar
Diabetes & Endocrinology
     


Metabolic syndrome, linked to abdominal obesity andinsulin resistance, increases with rising BMI and affects key metabolicmarkers. Early, low-cost, non-invasive detection can prevent progressionto serious comorbidities. Aim: This study identifies low-cost, simpleclinical predictors to detect metabolic syndrome and raise awarenessacross all economic groups. Methods: Retrospective study of 598 adults(18-78 yrs) from a Mumbai nutrition clinic using purposive sampling.Inclusion was based on Metabolic Syndrome as per IDF criteriawith 2 or 3 abnormal parameters. Statistical analysis was performedusing the R programming package dplyr for data processing andinterpretation. Results: Waist circumference positively correlated withinsulin, glucose, HbAlc, triglycerides, blood pressure, and negativelywith high density lipoprotein cholesterol. One-way ANOVA for fourgroups of waist circumference (<90 cm, 90-100 cm, 101-110 cm, 110cms) showed significant differences in insulin, glucose, lipids, andblood pressure. A clear trend of increasing comorbidities was observedwith rising WC values. Chi-Squared analysis with categorical variablessuch as comorbidities (0,1,2,3) and diabetes diagnosis/status based onglycated hemoglobin shows a statistically significant relationship withwaist circumference groups. Chi-square analysis revealed prediabeticswith central obesity had significantly higher comorbidity incidence.Conclusions: Waist circumference serves as a simple and cost-effectivemarker for early identification of health risks, raising awareness,promoting preventive health behaviours, and reducing healthcareburdens.